Pharmacodynamics of SNEHAN with its practical aspects
The physiochemical properties of drug in topical dosage form affect that drug's transdermal delivery ( percutaneous absorption) and topical bioavailability .The molecules of the formation,after penetrating through the stratum corneum and hence into the viable epidermis and dermis ,produces it's characteristics pharmacological response through receptores even before the blood or lymph circulations remove it.Though the horny layer is very impermeable to chemicals contributing the rate limiting step in the transdermal absorption because of its high effusional resistance,providing a small fractional area of 0.1%only add permeable appandageal shunt route ,it is not an efficient heat insulator- the penetration rate of material through human skin can change the tenfold for a large temperature variation,as the diffusion coefficient varies according to temperature changes.Besides the appandageal shunt rout,the drug molecules may penetrate through the sweat ducts also. Various physiochemical factors other than temperature also seems to be involved like skin dehydration water opens up the compact part of the horny layer),PH etc. not forgetting the roles of drug concentration ,molecular size and shape,diffusion coefficient,partition coefficient etc. The methods of enhancing bio - availability of transdermal drug application recently followed like ultrasound ( phonophoresis) and electrical driving of charged molecules ( ionotophoresis) is replaced in Ayurveda by the increased temperature that induces sudation, hydration through enhanced sweating and by massage for effecting a manual type of ionotophoresis.Even external use of Sneha alone slightly increases body temperature, which in turn favours production of sweat by sweat glands.Though sweat is not excreated at the moment because of partial closer of sweat pores by the film of fat , subsequent application of heat releases the barricade of fat to effect the full fledged sudation. This helps increased metabolism of the drug and the local tissue.This is importance of sneha used in conjugation with the sweda it provides both hydration and temperature increase.
It is convenient, effective,eliminates variables that influencing gut absorption,it enters the systemic circulation directly by passing the 'First pass ' effect of enzymes in the gut and the liver; it provides controlled ,constant administration,displaying a single pharmacological effect.
Ayurveda has addressed Transdermal use of medicines in versatile conditions arround 2500 years ago.
Practical aspects of Masssage:
Massage shows various effects on the body.It improves the circulation of blood in the body. After masssage or Snehan circulation of all systems and organs is increasing by that all toxic components are accumulated and excrete out through fecal matter,urine,sweat,breath and purification of body can be achieved.
Complexion of skin ,it's lusture get increased.
Relaxation of muscles, regaining the vitality,strength, enthusiasm, energy can be achieved with the help of massage .
Massage is a anti aging therapy, wrinkles of skin, obesity,tiredness can be remove.
Masssage of head can help in get rid of headache,loss of hair, Dandruff like scalp problems.
Masssage increases the heat of body.
It should be on flat surface
Food should be consume after 5-6 hrs of Masssage.
Masssage should be undergoan with empty stomach.
Old age people,weak persons,pregnent ladies should avoid or should take more caution.
According to need the quantity of pressure should be applied.
Masssage should be from 45 mins to 1 hour.
Various types of Masssage:
Massage with pressure ,
patting ,
Roling on skin,
Needing( like flour with fist)
Cupping ( around joints like elbow)
Chopping( by standing hand on skin)
Pinching with light hands
Snatching. etc
Massage improves reflexes, vasodilation of arteries, increase or decrease muscle tone according to need (in paralytic patients), stimulates muscles , Improves joints properly and increase the range of its motions.
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